china Avant-garde

Notes on Contemporary Art and Poetry in China

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Rittenberg back on PLU campus

Posted by paulmanfredi on May 9, 2012
Posted in: Sidney Rittenberg. Tagged: college students, Pacific Lutheran University, Sidney Rittenberg, social justice. Leave a Comment

So what happens when we introduce Sidney Rittenberg, his book (The Man Who Stayed Behind), his the film about him (The Revolutionary) and the man himself to a group of 1st-year college students in the Pacific Northwest?  We’ll, let’s see:

Probably most noteworthy is Sidney’s view of the Bo Xilai affair, which is where he is mentioned Beijing’s concern with instability. Rittenberg was the first Western critic (not that that phrase much aptly describes him) to observe that Bo was not going to go far in the Chinese communist party leadership. The reason, according to Sidney, is Bo’s serious challenge to stability, evident during his meteoric rise in Chongqing, and even before in his position of mayor in northeastern Dalian.

Hopefully, a sense of Sidney’s frame of reference, to use the simple, elegant and apt Chinese 看法 (“seeing method”), was picked up by students in our one-day interaction with “the man who stayed behind.” Not unlike a pair of ill-fitting glasses, taking up Sidney-vision for a moment is no doubt distorting their present “reality,” but also do doubt an important corrective as they grow into their new world views which include greater concern with social (and economic) justice, and greater attention to US-China relationship, which remains, despite considerable efforts of those of us who teach about China, murky at best.

The Revolutionary (Sidney Rittenberg)

Posted by paulmanfredi on May 1, 2012
Posted in: Sidney Rittenberg. Tagged: Sidney Rittenberg, Stourwater Pictures, 李顿白. Leave a Comment

Remarks about a documentary film

Much of the conversation about Sidney Rittenberg, as suggested, among other places, by the title of his memoir composed with Amanda Bennett (The Man Who Stayed Behind), concerns “what it was like to have been there.” After looking at documentary “The Revolutionary” (Stourwater Pictures, 2011) I think it becomes more clear that the question is really “what was it like to have been then?”

The problem with the “there” question is that it suggests the view of China as a far away, strange land. In fact, Chinese experience is growing ever closer to our experience.  As increasingly the infinitely stretchy parameters of “our” bend themselves quite completely out of shape, hard geographical “origin points” will make less and less sense. Where Sidney was will matter less and less. What Sidney was then is the question to be addressed.

And what, after watching this film, we find was a profound commitment to social justice coupled with the wherewithal to put that commitment to work in ways that he, as a young, affluent, Jewish communist in Charleston, South Carolina circa 1940, could hardly have known.  As a major player in the firestrom that was the Cultural Revolution in China, Sidney found himself in de facto control of the Broadcasting Agency, one of the Chinese government’s major mouthpieces for issuing the directives that propelled a population (of some 700,0000,000) into mass revolutionary fervor in a way more substantial than facile calls for “change” could suggest, a fervor that was severely idealistic, pure, democratic, and destructive to the death.

Here is a man who is fiercely moral, engaged in social justice. And here were good people, his friends, people who struggled and sacrificed for the good of China, physically abused right in front of him, and he did not oppose, did not largely object. His fervor for the social cause blinded him to what was happening right before his eyes.

The film does an excellent job of showing us this, mostly by allowing Sidney to speak (at length). There is a bit of monotony to the format, virtually one talking head interspersed with images and music from (mostly) China’s long twentieth century. But the head in question is so incredibly–in the real sense of the word–full of information that it hardly matters that his voice is all we hear.

http://revolutionarymovie.com/

More abstract, still (World Art 世界艺术 View)

Posted by paulmanfredi on April 23, 2012
Posted in: Chinese abstract art. Tagged: LEAP 艺术界, Li Chun shan 李仲生, World Art 世界艺术, Xu Liang 徐亮. Leave a Comment

Feeling somewhat slow on the uptake, having only now noticed that World Art 世界艺术  had already done a “Special Edition of Chinese Abstract Art” in 2008. World Art, edited by Xu Liang 徐亮, brought in He Guiyan 何桂彦 as guest curator, and the issue is spectacular assemblage of recent abstract expressionist work by Chinese artists. There are 43 artists profiled, and the issue, at 232 handsome pages, provides an indepth view of the state of (this) art in China. Also profitably, the issue is divided thematically, with the following categories: Trace to the source 溯源, Gaze 凝视, Retrospect 回顾, Discussion 探讨, Cases 个案, Dialogue 对话, Master 名家, and Prospect 展望 . The work concludes with a chronology.

The sense one gets looking through such an assemblage of abstract art is one of freedom, letting ourselves go across the pages of abstract expression (nearly entirely painting) in contemporary China. We are drawn in because we are not distracted by form, rebuffed by representation. Yet in this process are we closer or farther away from “Chinese reality,” the site of accelerated change? Is it possible to see into Chineseness if what we see is in fact unidentifiable as such?

In any event and in combination with LEAP 12 (December, 2011), the contemporary critical attention to the question of non-representational art in China has been significant. The LEAP exploration is on the whole more contemporary than the World Art, which includes more scholarly attention to historical development of abstraction in Chinese visual art, as well as targeted regional focus (Shanghai, Taipei, etc).  The problem for both, nonetheless (and if one is inclined to think in terms of “problems”) lies in eternal questions of space and time, the “where” of a Chinese abstract art, and the when, on the “heels” of Other abstract expressions. As one of the LEAP author avers: ”Perhaps, ten or twenty years from now, we will see the abstractionism of China today as something akin to American Abstract Expressionism.” (THE BAMBOO CURTAIN: THREE AESTHETIC CONCEPTUALIZATIONS OF ABSTRACT ART /TEXT: PO HUNG / TRANSLATION: DANIEL NIEH) But, is this possible?

I think it is. But even to say so doesn’t produce much.  What I think the abstract conversation produces is a context wherein we push further with the very language of description of art phenomena in Chinese context.

from the PLU Newsroom

Posted by paulmanfredi on April 2, 2012
Posted in: Chinese abstract art, Zhong Biao. Leave a Comment

 

 

here a progress report on a work in progress.  Thanks to Chris Albert and John Froschauer for putting this together.

 

http://www.plu.edu/news/2012/04/blackbridge/

 

 

Midnight in Paris-Beijing

Posted by paulmanfredi on March 9, 2012
Posted in: China Art, Chinese Art Market, politics and Chinese art. Tagged: Beijing art scene, Midnight in Paris, Woody Allen. Leave a Comment

Just watched Woody Allen’s film Midnight in Paris again (first time was on an airplane en route Beijing, as it turns out) and thinking of what no doubt would strike many as a radical if not ridiculous idea. Namely, how does the Paris of the 1920s compare with contemporary Beijing. Of course, for those who have seen the film, there’s more than one ‘scene’ at work–I’m talking Hemingway/Picasso, not Lautrec, for what its worth–and the strength of Allen’s script no doubt is its clever take on nostalgia for what may never have existed.  Still, the depiction of a vibrant cultural scene, with artists and writers debating the aesthetic way forward as if to be looking for the one and only point of egress to proper being itself does bear some interesting similarities with what’s happened in China in contemporary period.  To put this mostl bluntly, then, can we view present-day Beijing as THE global cutting edge?

In suggesting this I am also aware that the very notion of a “cutting edge” may well be passe (strikes me suddenly that that sentence required a French word). In fact, it may never have had validity in the first place.  On the other hand, viewing Allen’s film is only one additional reminder that the idea of some geographical CENTER housing the most current form of expression continues to have strong showing in the cultural imaginary, right or wrong.  Moving forward, I suppose, might entail establishing the criteria for arriving at identification of such a center, from which point we would “measure up”  the Chinese scene.

WHAT’S ON(line): LEAP (back) in abstraction

Posted by paulmanfredi on March 1, 2012
Posted in: Chinese abstract art. Tagged: Bamboo Curtain, Guan Jingjing, LEAP 艺术界, 关晶晶. 1 comment

The explosion of contemporary Chinese art on the global market place since about 2000 has kept pace, in fits, starts, and more fits and starts, with China’s development as circulable commodity in digital media, drawing readers of all kinds to subjects of every variety.  Or almost every variety.

But the result of such commodification of Chinese “subjects” has also brought circulation of art information of relatively high order into the “hands” (really, onto the screens) of people worldwide. LEAP is a fine case in point. From ABOUT:

LEAP is the bilingual art magazine of contemporary China. Published six times a year in Chinese and English, it presents a winning mix of contemporary art coverage and cultural commentary from the cutting edge of the Chinese art scene. Its three sections, 上, 中, and 下 (top, middle and bottom) are differently conceived. 上 offers short takes on a wide range of subjects including architecture, exhibition design, and film, as well as a number of standing columns like “Conference Room” which illustrates a recent discussion or panel, “Shop Talk” which asks an artist very direct questions about the more concrete elements of their practice, “My Miles” which interviews an art-world character about their travels and “Videos You Didn’t Finish Watching” which attempts to represent a time-based work onto a two-page spread. 中 begins with a cover package of stories on a key topic (the first four issues have covered: the decade in review, spaces of production, the China-Africa connection, and China’s new “Art Youth” generation) alongside artist profiles, cultural features, an artist portfolio, and a fashion shoot. 下, neutral and authoritative, contains reviews of recent exhibitions in and beyond China by noted critics. Edited in Beijing, printed in Guangzhou, and governmentally supported by the Anhui Federation of Literary and Arts Circles, LEAP is published by the Modern Media Group, China’s leading producer of lifestyle and fashion magazines with titles including Modern Weekly, The Outlook Magazine, and Life. Part specialist journal, part handbook of transnational style, it is the voice of the new Chinese art scene.
 

The most recent issue concerns abstraction, which is a topic I’ve been working on anyway recently.  As the opening to the issue makes clear, the debate on this subject began in earnest in the 1980s, with Wu Guanzhong’s 吴冠中  “On formal beauty of painting” 绘画的形式美 published in Meishu 美术 in 1979, and even more explicitly in 关于抽象美, in which he observed:

we must inherit and develop the beauty of abstraction, which should be the target of scientific rsearch in the plastic arts, because grasping the laws governing the abstraction and forms of beauty plays a major role in all the plastic arts, regardless of whether they are realist or romantic, or whether they entail brush-work that can be characterized either as 工笔 or 写意。

(in Lv Peng, A HIstory of Art in 20th Century CHina, 764)

The new issue concerns what’s happened since rom a variety of perspectives.  In fact, Po Hung’s article gives a review of major exhibitions, and the particular perspectives they ential:

Today, any attempt at a conceptual description of Chinese abstract art in the first decade of the twenty-first century cannot avoid taking four exhibitions as symbolic events in the establishment of this cultural landscape. They are: in 2003, the “Chinese Maximalism” exhibition curated by the critic Gao Minglu; the critic Li Xianting’s “Prayer Beads and Brush Strokes” exhibition of the same year; Gao’s “Yi Pai—Century Thinking” exhibition in 2009; and “The Great Celestial Abstraction”exhibition of 2010, which was curated by the Italian critic and curator Achille Bonito Oliva. The symbolism of these exhibitions, as the products of three different aesthetic theories, lies in their grand conception of abstract art on both theoretical and practical levels. If all of the abstract art in the 1980s and 90s was created within the logic of Western art history or the framework of domestic “regionalization/nationalization”— an exploration of the forms, components and materials of art in modernity—then the aforementioned exhibitions were the first indications of a self-conscious rethinking of the language of art as a philosophical question. They thus made it possible for the abstract art of the day to enter the realm of contemporary art. Likewise, after 2003, more and more voices anticipated an imminent resurgence in China’s long-suppressed abstract art field. Oliva’s 2010 exhibition marked a high tide of this sentiment, which is hard to see as separate from the common appeal of these four events.
 
 

My own foray into the topic has revolved around modernist poetry (twin to modernist art), going back well before the 1980s (more on this at some point).  More recently, a long chat with contemporary artist 关晶晶, a current focus.

last words, an image by Zhong Biao

Posted by paulmanfredi on February 4, 2012
Posted in: Zhong Biao. Tagged: 钟飙, Zhong Biao original painting. Leave a Comment

As part of a back-to-school ritual (belated, as usual) I’m sorting through papers in the house,  most of which being the scribblings/paintings of two small children, and I find the following image:

And while my daughters clearly have nearly superhuman artistic talent, I’m guessing neither of them is responsible for this picture, particularly given Zhong’s signature upper left.  Thus, we find ourselves proud owners (at long last!) of a Zhong Biao original, watercolor on paper, 8 1/2 x 11 inches.  I guess that’s “merry christmas.”

addendum (2/29):
just found this video

Zhong Biao, Commercialization, Liu Wei, and what is good in contemporary Chinese art

Posted by paulmanfredi on January 25, 2012
Posted in: Zhong Biao. Tagged: Chinese art market, Liu Wei 刘炜. Leave a Comment

Liu Wei image from here

During Zhong Biao’s visit in December I found myself casting about for good questions to ask him. Once the “What are your influences?” “What materials?” “What process?”   –type inquiries were all behind us, there seemed to be need for going deeper into how he views artistic practice, particularly in China.  Never did I think  that such an obvious question (posed not by myself, for what its worth) would be so productive in this sense: “what’s good?”   I suppose I may have avoided such a question expecting Zhong to be difficult to pin down in terms of his likes and dislikes.  True enough, dislikes are not the type of thing he’s inclined to discuss, and I saw no point in pressing the issue.  What a surprise, then, when he effortlessly and emphatically took to the question of who paints well in China today.  He said, without missing a beat, Liu Wei 刘炜.

The ensuing conversation brought to mind the criticism leveled against Zhong from a number of quarters (that I wont identify in this setting), namely that he is too market oriented.  I’ve wrestled with this a bit, given that I would like to consider myself disinclined to interest in–much less promotion of–the blatantly commercial, and yet I’m fond of Zhong’s work.  In this regard, Zhong’s remarks about Liu Wei brought to light an important difference in his mind at least between what he does and what Liu Wei does.  Liu Wei is, according to Zhong Biao, purely a painter.  Zhong Biao, meanwhile, is an artist.  Liu Wei’s work is limited to the canvas, while Zhong’s extends out, to intercourse with the community, to performances of all kinds, to “projects” that are part installation, part promotion and finally part painting.   Zhong Biao is constantly engaged in what’s next in terms of the showing, the scene, the event.  What happens outside is at least as important as what happens on the canvas.

By contrast there is Liu Wei.  His work begins and ends on the confines of the canvas.  What happens there, though, and clearly what Zhong most appreciates, is the abandon, the transgression, the discovery of boundary, and the effortless, creative, and for Zhong even incredible disregard for the boundary.  Liu’s work speaks to Zhong’s creative spirit, and does so in ways Zhong cannot.

I had been vaguely familar with Liu’s work already, having an impression of ruddy faces and ill-kept teeth.  As I listened to Zhong, however, I realized that the artist is indeed extraordinary in his mercurial-ness: from those faces, which no doubt secured him some degree of audience, he moves to landscapes, and mixed-media. He moves, in fact, all about. And yet, as Zhong well observed, he remains on the canvas, where he belongs.  A painter’s painter whose work I will now be following along with Zhong Biao.

from here

Posted by paulmanfredi on January 23, 2012
Posted in: Uncategorized. Leave a Comment

Zhong Biao Defines Harmonious Society

Posted by paulmanfredi on January 19, 2012
Posted in: Ai Weiwei, politics and Chinese art, Zhong Biao. Tagged: Harmonious Society, River Crab, 和谐, 河蟹. 2 comments

China Digital Times

 

In the soon-to-be-published Zhong Biao Dictionary one finds a definition of “Harmonious Society,” that slogan of contemporary Chinese politics that has led to much ironic comment about what it means to be “harmonized” by authoritarian force.  A portion of Zhong’s definition, in my tentative translation, as follows:

he

和谐社会,各就各位

【h. xi. sh. hu., g. ji. g. w.i】

①和谐,[俚],河蟹。

和谐社会,各就各位。是指在一定

物质条件的保证下对多元化价值观

的无限认同,使个体的夙愿充分自

足,群体的利益无界共享。制度

上,保障生命在各自的轨道畅行,

又在社会系统的运行中相安无事,

为所欲为不逾矩.

…

HARMONY

In a harmonious society, each to its rightful place. Once material conditions have been met, limitless tolerance for infinite diversity of values emerges. Thus, reconciliation of desires of individuals and needs of the community is achieved. Institutionally speaking, there is the guarantee of security for individual trajectories, with social systems operating peacefully without incident, each to its own and without transgression.

…

:::::::::::::::::::::::

The entry, which seems optimistic to the point of irony, is worth noting as well for the text in red at the opening of the sequence.  “Harmonious Society” is glossed in two ways, first using the words in question he xie 和谐, and next using what is referred to in parenthesis as “colloquial” (俚) meaning “River Crab” 河蟹.   River crab, homophonous with “harmonious society,” is coinage of Ai Weiwei, and his “River Crab Festival” in Shanghai on November 7, 2010 was political performance art involving a tasty meal of crab served to, as far as I can tell from the video, hundreds of people.  The video is produced by An Xiao Mina and his available HERE. This event took place long after Ai had begun making himself unpopular with authorities, and shortly before the Shanghai studio which can be seen in the video was torn down by Shanghai authorities.

Zhong Biao, as has been noted, is an almost studiously apolitical painter.  Yet, he includes the “slang” for Harmonious Society in his definition, a rather provocative move, to my mind.   It remains to be seen if this line remains in the published work (I have only a late draft at my disposal).  We will see.

 

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